It is feasible to build an organic fertilizer equipment plant, because the policy of “replacing fertilizer with organic fertilizer” has been implemented nationwide, and the application of organic fertilizer is gradually increasing. Many investors want to seize this opportunity and invest in building organic fertilizer plants. To build an organic fertilizer plant, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive planning, clearly understand what is required to build an organic fertilizer processing plant, so as to successfully run the plant and deal with the problems in subsequent production. What are the requirements for building an organic fertilizer processing plant?

The location of the organic fertilizer equipment plant is very important and has a long-term impact. According to relevant regulations, the construction of organic fertilizer plants should be far away from residential areas, because odor and dust will be generated during production. If it is too close to the residential areas or is often located in the upper area, over time, it will directly affect the health of nearby residents, affect the normal production of the plant, and may also lead to failure to pass the environmental assessment.

Organic fertilizer equipment processing plant should be close to the origin of main raw materials. Not more than 50 kilometers, close to the origin of main raw materials can reduce costs. The raw material of organic fertilizer is large in volume and weight, which is not convenient for transportation. If the distance is too far, the transportation cost will increase, the cost will increase, and the price of organic fertilizer will also increase, which will reduce their market competitiveness.

Planned production scale of the organic fertilizer equipment factory: Before the establishment of the factory, it is necessary to plan the annual processing capacity of the organic fertilizer processing factory, whether the annual output is 3-5 tons or 5-10 million tons. The annual output determines the type of equipment to be purchased for the organic fertilizer production line. The annual output is between 10000 tons and 50000 tons. Buy small organic fertilizer production line equipment. The organic fertilizer output of 5-10 million tons is suitable for buying medium and large organic fertilizer production line equipment. The total price of each model is different, so the production volume should be planned in advance and the capital budget should be prepared to facilitate the later operation and turnover.

Purchase of organic fertilizer equipment and processing of fertilizer production line equipment: There are many kinds of fertilizer in the market: granular organic fertilizer, powdered organic fertilizer, etc. It is recommended to purchase a complete set of organic fertilizer processing equipment, which can produce both granular organic fertilizer and powdered organic manure, which can meet different purchasing needs.

Disc pelletizer is a professional organic fertilizer granulator machine in fertilizer manufacturing process. Choosing the disc granulator, first of all, is familiar with the performance characteristics of the disc granulator. It can provide help for the rational selection of disc granulators. With the replacement of organic fertilizer equipment. The characteristic of the plane rotary disc granulator is that the main body mechanism is fixed, and the internal disc rotates, and the materials entering the disc are rotated into balls by centrifugal rotation. The rotating speed of the plane rotary disc granulator is relatively high, which is more suitable for materials with good adhesion, relatively high density, and low output requirements. It is characterized by high particle uniformity and fast discharge.

With high-efficiency disc granulators, it is not that disc granulators will withdraw from the stage of history, but that in the field of production of organic fertilizer spherical granules, it is no longer the era of disc granulators.

Inclined disc granulator is a relatively traditional process. The base of the disc granulator is fixed. The reducer is driven by the motor, and then the outer disc of the inclined disc granulator is rotated. Into the ball. This type of disc granulator has a low rotation speed and an adjustable tilt angle, which is suitable for the production of spherical granules such as organic fertilizers and compound fertilizers. It is characterized by high output and simple operation.

Advantages of organic fertilizer equipment for waste resource utilization:

1. The resource utilization of manure through organic fertilizer equipment can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also improve the biological safety level of breeding enterprises, reduce the prevalence of infectious diseases of livestock and poultry, produce high-quality organic fertilizer, improve the quality and safety of agricultural products, generate clean energy, and realize environmental protection. Let the rural economy embark on the fast track of development of “safety, environmental protection and efficiency”.

2. The organic fertilizer will become natural organic fertilizer under the fermentation of microorganisms after the processing and production procedures of organic fertilizer equipment and sterilization, and can be used for the cultivation of fruits, vegetables and flowers. The original diseases and pests harmful to crop growth in livestock and poultry manure have been basically eliminated. In addition, bio-organic fertilizer is fermented and fully decomposed before being applied to the soil, which will not cause crop root burning and seedling burning.

3. The combination of planting and breeding is an important way to realize the emission reduction of agricultural sources. The working principle of the equipment of the organic fertilizer production line is simply to ‘eat’ the organic wastes such as animal manure and ‘spit’ the organic fertilizer, which can not only improve the environment, but also bring economic benefits to the farmers. Make agricultural scale, standardization and mechanized production possible, reduce costs and increase added value. At the same time, the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution has also been solved.

Sun-dried chicken dung and cow dung need to be fermented. The chicken dung and cow dung that is fermented belongs to the category of farm manure. Fermentation treatment is the key step of organic fertilizer production by the organic fertilizer granulator, with the purpose of deodorization, sterilization and adding beneficial bacteria. Unfermented raw materials contain a large number of harmful bacteria such as heavy metals, insect eggs, weed seeds, etc. If applied directly, it will not only cost poor fertilizer efficiency but also increase the probability of crop diseases and insect pests.

Methods of fermenting chicken dung and cow dung in large-scale organic fertilizer processing plants:

There are three common fermentation methods: fermentor fermentation, strip and pile fermentation, and tank fermentation.

Fermentation in fermentation tank is a new type of fermentation equipment. The raw materials are put into the fermentation tank for fermentation. The equipment has deodorization system, ventilation system, mixing system and auxiliary heating system. The characteristic is that it is not affected by the ambient temperature, it can be produced at any time, and the fermentation speed is fast.

The strip and pile fermentation, which is conducted in an open field, is suitable for organic fertilizer processing plants with limited site conditions and do not want to invest a lot in civil engineering. Features The operation of the fermentation site is flexible, and the self-propelled stacker is convenient to walk.

For tank fermentation, a fermentation tank is built in the plant area. The upper end of the fermentation tank wall is equipped with a rail. The tank type tipping machine walks on the rail. The raw materials are put into the tank. The tipping machine walks back and forth to flip the materials. The characteristics are that the operation of the organic fertilizer granulator equipment is stable, and it is suitable for the organic fertilizer processing plant with a slightly large output and batch production.

Produced by the organic fertilizer granulator machine is comprehensive in nutrition, contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, has long-lasting fertilizer effect, can improve the soil environment, and the application of organic fertilizer has an important effect on crop yield and quality. However, improper selection and use of organic fertilizers can also cause crop damage and yield reduction. Please pay attention to the following points when selecting and using organic fertilizers:

1. Pay attention to choose high-quality organic fertilizer
 

High-quality organic fertilizers are the basis for high-quality and high-yield crops such as vegetables and fruit trees. The quality of organic fertilizers used by farmers is uneven, and some are even mixed with urban sludge and domestic garbage. Even some of the chicken manures bought were mixed with mud, or were mixed with caustic soda by some unscrupulous traders (to increase the volume). After applying these inferior organic fertilizers to the soil, the effect can be expected. Therefore, high-quality organic fertilizers must be used in production. It is best to use regular large-scale factories when choosing commercial organic fertilizers.

2.Make sure to rot before applying

The current composting process still lacks the necessary maturity judgment standards and detection methods. In addition, the sources of organic fertilizers are complex and diverse. Therefore, for chicken manure and cow dung, which often carry germs, insect eggs and weed seeds, they are directly applied or piled. Incompletely roasted rot will adversely affect crop growth.

3.Strictly control the amount of fertilization

In general, organic fertilizer has a large volume and low nutrient content. It needs a large amount of application to meet the needs of crops, but not as much as possible. For example, it is advisable to apply 15-20 cubic meters of pure chicken manure and 35-40 cubic meters of decomposed soil and mixed fertilizer per acre per season. For eggplants and vegetables, the amount of fertilizer required is large, and the upper limit may be used; for leafy vegetables, the amount of fertilizer required is slightly smaller, and the lower limit may be used.

4.Organic and inorganic application

Organic fertilizers are full of nutrients, slow to release, and have long fertilizer effects. When crops need high fertilizer growth, they are often in short supply; while inorganic fertilizers are generally relatively simple in content, easily decomposed and absorbed by crops, but have insufficient stamina. Therefore, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer must complement each other to complement each other.

5.Mainly Shiji and Shenshi

Organic fertilizers have long-lasting effects and slow nutrient release, and are generally applied as base fertilizers. In deep ploughing, the application of organic fertilizer is beneficial to the integration of soil and fertilizer and promotes the formation of soil aggregate structure, which can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and increase soil permeability.

6.Good effect with the application of biological fertilizer

Whether organic fertilizer is applied basally or flushed, it is best to use bio-fertilizer. The biological bacteria in the biological fertilizer can accelerate the decomposition of the organic matter in the organic fertilizer, making it more conducive to crop absorption, and at the same time can decompose and transform some harmful substances in the organic fertilizer to avoid damage to the crop. Generally, when organic fertilizer is applied at the base, 150-200kg of bio-fertilizer can be applied per acre, and 20-25kg per acre can be applied for topdressing.

Process and equipment for processing commercial organic fertilizer using crop straw

(1) Production and processing of plant residues and refined organic fertilizer manufacturing process

Using plant residues to refine organic fertilizers is the simplest method for plant organic fertilizers manufacturing process. First, the plant residues are crushed into materials less than 3 cm with a semi-dry grinder, and then according to the nutritional requirements of fermenting microorganisms (generally inoculated with high temperature bacteria), a variety of plant residues are compounded into culture materials, inoculated with microorganisms, and passed through Auxiliary heating can produce a lot of heat within 4-5 days of fermentation, so that a large amount of water in the raw materials can be evaporated, quickly deodorized, quickly dehydrated, low energy consumption, low production cost and economic. However, this organic fertilizer has a low degree of fermentation and maturity, and once it is wet with water, it can easily cause rancidity or worms.

(2) Production and processing of bio-organic fertilizer after fermentation of plant residues

Bio-organic fertilizer refers to organic materials formed by specific functional micro-bovines (such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solving bacteria, potassium-releasing bacteria, etc.) and harmlessly processed and decomposed animal and plant residues (such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws, etc.) A compound type of fertilizer with microbial fertilizer and organic fertilizer effect. The essential feature of bio-organic fertilizer is that it contains higher organic matter and microorganisms with specific work and specific functions. The contained microorganisms exhibit certain fertilizer effects, such as improving soil fertility, fixing nitrogen in the air, assisting crops to absorb nutrients, activating insoluble plant nutrients in the soil for crop absorption, etc., or producing multiple active substances or resisting pathogenic bacteria Substances have a good stimulating and regulating effect on crop growth, reduce or reduce the occurrence of crop diseases and insect pests, and improve the quality of agricultural products.

Compared with ordinary organic fertilizers, the production technology content of bio-organic fertilizers is relatively high. In addition to the addition of biological fungi that promote the decomposition and decomposition of organic materials during the rot process, to achieve the purpose of directional rot and deodorization, it is also added to the product Microorganisms with specific functions to enhance the effect of products. To produce this type of organic fertilizer, the first thing is to have the technology and ability to produce specific functional microorganisms. After crushing a variety of plant residues, select a compound fermentation microorganism that is basically consistent with the biological characteristics of the existing specific microorganisms. According to the characteristics of the compound fermentation microorganisms, the crushed plant residues are compounded and a certain amount of inorganic compounds are added to make a fermentation culture material. , Adopting trough stacking fermentation method, flat-ground stacking fermentation method, fermentation tank fermentation method, closed warehouse fermentation method or tower fermentation method, etc., the decayed material basically achieves the harmlessness of the product, which is beneficial to the addition of functional bacteria during the post-processing Survive. In the post-processing of fermentation materials, it is usually added with functional bacterial agents for compounding and shaping; the product dosage form is mainly powder, and there are also granulation techniques. Most of them use disc granulation, drum granulation or extrusion granulation. less. : Granular products overcome the shortcomings of poor appearance and low level of powder products, improve the product’s commerciality, but also increase the production cost of the enterprise and have a certain impact on the survival of effective bacteria.

The chicken manure dryer is suitable for large, medium and small chicken farms and areas where the breeding industry is relatively developed. According to the requirements of drying products, different heat sources can be used. Such as: gas producer, direct-heated hot air stove, indirect hot air stove, heat transfer oil, electric heating, steam, etc. This machine is suitable for chicken manure, duck manure, poultry manure, slaughtering waste, etc. with water content less than 65%. It has good effects on opening up feed resources, reducing feeding costs and reducing environmental pollution.

The organic fertilizer equipment of the small chicken manure dryer is mainly composed of a heat source, a feeding machine, a feeding machine, a rotary drum, a material crushing device, a discharging machine, an induced draft fan, a discharger and a power distribution cabinet; After the dehydrated wet material is added to the dryer, the material is evenly distributed in the dryer and fully contacted with hot air under the overturning of the uniformly distributed plate reader in the drum, which accelerates the heat and mass transfer of drying. During the drying process, the material is discharged to the star-shaped discharge valve at the other section of the dryer under the action of the inclined plate reading and the hot gas.

In the process of using the organic fertilizer equipment of the small chicken manure dryer, it is necessary to do a good job of maintenance. For example, in the long-term use of small chicken manure dryer, attention should be paid to:

1. At any time, carefully check whether the connections are firm and whether all parts are in good use. If any abnormality is found, timely notify the maintenance personnel for maintenance.

2. The hydraulic oil must be kept clean. The hydraulic oil should be replaced once when the new machine runs for the first week. When changing the oil, the used hydraulic oil in the oil tank and the oil cylinder should be drained and wiped clean. Continue to use it for one month and then replace it once every six months to ensure the normal use of the filter press.

3. The maintenance of the hydraulic system of the small chicken manure dryer is mainly the inspection and maintenance of the sealing of the hydraulic components and all interfaces.

4. The pull plate trolley, sprocket chain, bearing, piston rod and other parts shall be inspected regularly to keep the matching parts clean, with good lubrication performance and good operation instructions of hydraulic filter press to ensure flexible action. The synchronization of the pull plate trolley and the suspension of the chain shall be adjusted in time.

5. The sealing surface of the filter plate of the small chicken manure dryer should be checked frequently to ensure its smoothness and cleanness; Before compaction, the filter cloth shall be carefully checked to ensure that it is free from folding, damage and slag inclusion, and that it is flat and intact to ensure the filtering effect; At the same time, the filter cloth should be washed frequently to ensure the filtering performance of the filter cloth.

6. If it is not used for a long time, the filter plates should be cleaned and neatly placed on the frame of the filter press. Dry the filter cloth after cleaning; The exposed part of the piston rod and the integrated block shall be coated with grease.

The demand for fertilizer is increasing, and the country is now focusing on the development of organic agriculture. Therefore, opening an organic fertilizer equipment factory is a good project.

In terms of production scale alone, the small-scale organic fertilizer processing plant is based on an annual output of 10000 tons to 30000 tons, which is also the most selected production line scale for investors who are new to the industry. As a production line, it is not composed of single equipment or 2-3 equipment. The complete set of equipment is composed of many kinds of equipment. Their type selection, specification and quantity directly affect the final price of the production line. That is to say, the price of the production line with the same output is not the same, even very different. Under the same output, the powdery production line is much cheaper than the granular production line, but the corresponding powdery finished organic fertilizer is not as expensive and profitable as the granular organic fertilizer.

Cost input of organic fertilizer equipment:

In the production process of organic fertilizer, raw material costs, transportation costs, labor costs, packaging costs, etc. need to be considered. If we cooperate with the farm, the farm will invest in the construction of greenhouses and fermentation tanks on the original site where the farm’s excrement is stacked, and the organic fertilizer manufacturer will invest in the organic fertilizer equipment to treat the excrement, which not only solves the problem that the farm owner’s excrement can not be treated, but also saves a part of the costs of the organic fertilizer production investor. The cooperation between the two parties through investment or compensation trade will reduce the investment or production costs.

Considerations of organic fertilizer manufacturing process：

1. Determine the output of the organic fertilizer production line. For example, the number of tons produced per year, or the number of tons produced per hour, can determine the specifications of organic fertilizer production equipment.

2. Determine the shape of the particles. It is to choose what kind of granulator: powder, column, flat ball or standard garden. Commonly used granulation organic fertilizer equipment are: disc granulator, drum granulator, wet granulator, counter-roller extrusion granulator, flat die granulator, and ring film granulator. The selection of fertilizer granulator machine should be determined according to the preferences of the local fertilizer sales market. The particle shape is different, the production process of organic fertilizer is also different, and the price of organic fertilizer equipment is also different.


 

3. Determine the configuration level of the organic fertilizer equipment. The level of equipment configuration determines the price of the equipment, the amount of labor is different, and the ability of the equipment to operate stably is also different. Generally, those with high configuration should add some links, such as automatic batching device, automatic packaging device, automatic quantitative feeding device, cyclone dust removal and water dust removal.

4. Determine the type of fertilizer produced. It is a compound fertilizer equipment or an organic fertilizer equipment. For the same output, the organic fertilizer equipment generally takes into account the high moisture content and the strains are not resistant to high temperature. The model is generally larger than the compound fertilizer model. There are 4 types of general organic fertilizers, pure organic fertilizers, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, biological organic fertilizers, and compound microbial fertilizers. Different types of organic fertilizers have different equipment.

5. Selection of fermentation turning and throwing machine: The general fermentation forms are: strip-stack fermentation, shallow-cao fermentation, deep-tank fermentation, tower fermentation and rotary drum fermentation. . Generally, it is more suitable to use shallow slot stacker. The advantages of the shallow tank stacker: it is more in line with the principle of aerobic fermentation, it is not easy to form anaerobic, the fermentation is full and complete, and the fermentation speed is fast.

6. Determining the level of environmental protection requirements: Where environmental protection requirements are low, heavy dedusting is generally sufficient, and investment in organic fertilizer equipment is low; where environmental protection requirements are high, heavy dedusting and water and ink dedusting are generally selected to meet national air emission quality standards.

The organic fertilizer manufacturing process for crop straw and animal manure usually consists of pre-treatment, main fermentation, post-fermentation, post-treatment, compounding and other processes.

 
1. Pre-treatment

The main task is to remove non-fermented foreign matters such as sludge, metals, batteries, etc. in plant residues, crush plant residues, and adjust moisture and C / N value. Reasons for removing non-fermentation foreign bodies: reducing the volume of the fermentation chamber; removing the materials that affect the fermentation, such as metals and batteries, and reducing the chance of heavy metal pollution; removing the hard-to-crush materials such as plastic ropes, which is conducive to subsequent crushing and stirring Reasons for crushing to adjust the size of plant residues: usually crushing makes the moisture of the raw materials uniform to a certain extent, increases the specific surface area of ??the material, increases the area where the material contacts the microorganisms, 2 high 30 solution speed. Theoretically speaking, the finer the material, the better, but in order to ensure a certain gap of the material to ventilate to obtain oxygen, the range of 2 to 30 mm is generally better.

2. Main fermentation

It can be carried out in the open air or in the fermentation device, and oxygen can be supplied to the accumulation layer or the fermentation device by turning the pile or forced ventilation. The first is the decomposition of easily decomposable substances such as sugar and protein, producing CO2 and H20, and at the same time generating heat, which raises the fermentation temperature. In the initial stage of fermentation, the decomposition and fermentation of the substance relies on mesophilic bacteria (30-40 ℃ is the most suitable growth temperature). As the fermentation temperature rises, the high-temperature bacteria with the most suitable temperature of 45-65 ℃ replace the mesophilic bacteria. Various pathogens, insect eggs and weed seeds are killed. Generally, the period from when the temperature rises to when it starts to decrease is called the main fermentation stage, which is 3 to 10 days.

3. Post-processing

In the material after two fermentations, almost all of the organic matter has become finely crushed and deformed, and the amount has been reduced. Once again, a sorting process is performed to remove debris such as plastic, glass, ceramics, metal, small stones, etc. broken.

4. Deodorize

Some fermented products have an odor after the fermentation is finished, and deodorization treatment is necessary. Methods include chemical deodorant deodorization, alkali water and aqueous solution filtration, activated carbon, zeolite, special soil, etc. as adsorbent filtration.

5. Compound

According to the product formula requirements and the nutrient content of the material after fermentation, urea, phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer are added to the fermentation material to produce an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, or microorganisms with specific functions are added to produce a biological organic fertilizer.

6. Inspection, packaging, storage

Test and analyze whether the nutrient content, maturity, moisture content, heavy metal content, pathogen content, organic matter content and other indicators meet the product requirements. Weighing, packaging and storage after meeting the requirements.